Discussion as A Way of Teaching By: Stephen D. Brookfield and Stephen Preskill

Contents:
Discussion in democratic society
How does discussion in democratic society?
Discussion in democratic society is a way to provides with the opportunity to serve and connect with others, and it’s also test the ability to confront the most difficult problems and make think them through collaboratively.
This chapter explains about the important of discussion in democratic society
How Discussion helps learning and enlivens classroom
How Discussion helps learning and enlivens classroom?
Discussion helps learning and enlivens classroom. It is true, because learning through discussion give them some of benefits. There are:
1. It helps student explore a diversity of perspective
2. It increases students’ awareness
3. It helps students recognize and investigate their assumption
4. It increase intellectual agility
5. It helps students become connected to a topic
6. It shows respect for students’ voice and experience
7. It affirms students as co creator of knowledge
8. It develops habits of collaborative learning
This chapter explains about benefits of discussion in classroom activity.

Preparing for discussion
How to prepare a discussion?
Teacher cannot expect students to share a common understanding of the term discussion. So teacher must earn the right to ask students to take the process seriously by discussion. To start a discussion teacher and students must have preparation. What the teacher must do is use lectures model democratic talk, use critical incident questionnaires, students and teacher must have knowledge of what they discuss.
This chapter discuss about what the members of discussion must do for discussion.
Getting discussion started
What the teacher must do at start of discussion?
Some of activities that the teacher must do are:
1. Declaring a classroom speech policy
2. Debriefing preparatory work
3. Recalling a memorable experiences
4. Telling tales from the trenches
This chapter explains some activity that the teacher must do at start of discussion.
Keeping discussion going through questioning, listening, and responding
How to keep discussion going through questioning, listening, and responding?
Discussion through Questioning:
They can give question that ask for more evidence. Ex: how do you know that?
They can give question that ask for clarification. Ex: what do you mean by that?
Discussion through listening:
They must listen carefully of what the speaker talk.
Discussion through responding: they can give comment of what speaker talk.
This chapter explains the way of good discussion.
Keeping discussion going through creative grouping
How to keep discussion going through creative grouping?
Members of group discussion must be active and share their own idea. And members consist of variety students.
This chapter explains of how to make members of group creative when they discuss something.
Discussion in culturally diverse classroom
How does discussion in culturally diverse classroom?
Diversity exists in every classroom. Even students who look and sound the same can have very different backgrounds, experiences, and ideology.
This chapter has provided just a few of the innumerable strategies for assisting people in doing a better job of communication across differences.
Keeping students’ voice in balance
How to keep students’ voice in balance?
Teacher must prevent student when he talks too much, and give a chance to others to share their idea.
This chapter discuss about the student who talk too much.
Evaluating discussion
How to evaluate discussion?
To evaluate discussion teacher can make discussion audit instruction and course portfolio.
This chapter discuss about how to evaluate a discussion.